Project 2331: F. G. Marx, R. E. Fordyce. 2016. A link no longer missing: new evidence for the cetotheriid affinities of Caperea. PLOS ONE. 11:e0164059.
Abstract
The origins of the enigmatic pygmy right whale Caperea marginata, the only living member of its subfamily (Neobalaeninae), are an outstanding mystery of cetacean evolution. Its strikingly disparate morphology sets Caperea apart from all other whales, and has turned it into a wildcard taxon that holds the key to understanding modern baleen whale diversity. Morphological cladistics generally ally this species with right whales, whereas molecular analyses consistently cluster it with rorquals and grey whales (Balaenopteroidea). A recent study potentially resolved this conflict by proposing that Caperea belongs with the otherwise extinct Cetotheriidae, but has been strongly criticised on morphological grounds. Evidence from the neobalaenine fossil record could potentially give direct insights into morphological transitions, but is currently limited to just a single species: the Late Miocene Miocaperea pulchra, from Peru. We show that Miocaperea has a highly unusual morphology of the auditory region, resulting from a–presumably feeding-related–strengthening of the articulation of the hyoid apparatus with the skull. This distinctive arrangement is otherwise only found in the extinct Cetotheriidae, which makes Miocaperea a “missing link” that demonstrates the origin of pygmy right whales from cetotheriids, and confirms the latter’s resurrection from the dead.Read the article »
Article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0164059
Project DOI: 10.7934/P2331, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P2331
This project contains | Matrices |
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Download Project SDD File | Total scored cells: 15918 Total media associated with cells: 72 Total labels associated with cell media: 78 |
Characters | |
Total characters: 272 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 634 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:245/27 |
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MorphoBank Project 2331
MorphoBank Project 2331
- Creation Date:
16 December 2015 - Publication Date:
07 October 2016 - Project views: 46357
- Media downloads: 4
- Matrix downloads: 24
Authors' Institutions
- Museum Victoria, Melbourne
- National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution
- Monash University
- University of Otago
- Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences
Members
member name | taxa | specimens | media | media notes | chars | character
| cell scorings (scored, NPA, "-") | cell
| rules | ||||||||||
Felix Marx Project Administrator | 94 | 2 | 22 | 0 | 272 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 15918 (14496, 321, 1101) | 0 | 72 | 78 | 0 | ||||||
Ewan Fordyce Full membership | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 (0, 0, 0) | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M23686' (94 Taxa)
taxon | unscored cells |
scored cells |
no cell support |
NPA cells |
"-" cells | cell images | labels on cell images |
member access |
[1] † Zygorhiza kochii Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 17 | 246 | 246 | 0 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[2] † Archaeodelphis patrius Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 146 | 121 | 121 | 0 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[3] † Waipatia maerewhenua Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 51 | 209 | 209 | 3 | 9 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[4] Physeter macrocephalus Last Modified in 03/19/16 | 12 | 229 | 227 | 0 | 33 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[5] † Aetiocetus cotylalveus Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 101 | 168 | 168 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[6] † Aetiocetus polydentatus Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 91 | 175 | 175 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[7] † Aetiocetus weltoni Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 76 | 193 | 193 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[8] † Aglaocetus moreni Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 115 | 141 | 141 | 3 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[9] † Aglaocetus patulus Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 70 | 189 | 187 | 1 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[10] † Archaebalaenoptera castriarquati Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 150 | 103 | 103 | 3 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[11] † Aulocetus latus Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 163 | 102 | 102 | 2 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[12] † Balaena montalionis Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 178 | 76 | 76 | 2 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[13] Balaena mysticetus Last Modified in 12/16/15 | 2 | 250 | 249 | 0 | 21 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[14] † Balaena ricei Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 159 | 93 | 93 | 3 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[15] † Balaenella brachyrhynus Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 112 | 141 | 141 | 1 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[16] Balaenoptera acutorostrata Last Modified in 12/16/15 | 0 | 256 | 255 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[17] † Balaenoptera bertae Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 191 | 74 | 74 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[18] Balaenoptera bonaerensis Last Modified in 12/16/15 | 4 | 252 | 252 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[19] Balaenoptera borealis Last Modified in 12/16/15 | 1 | 256 | 255 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[20] Balaenoptera musculus Last Modified in 12/16/15 | 2 | 255 | 253 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[21] Balaenoptera omurai Last Modified in 12/16/15 | 7 | 248 | 248 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[22] Balaenoptera physalus Last Modified in 12/16/15 | 0 | 258 | 256 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[23] † Balaenoptera portisi Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 75 | 179 | 179 | 3 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[24] † Balaenoptera ryani Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 182 | 83 | 82 | 3 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[25] † Balaenoptera siberi Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 94 | 162 | 160 | 3 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[26] † Balaenula astensis Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 105 | 150 | 150 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[27] † Balaenula sp. Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 129 | 125 | 125 | 1 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[28] † Brandtocetus chongulek Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 140 | 127 | 126 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[29] Caperea marginata Last Modified in 12/16/15 | 3 | 252 | 246 | 0 | 23 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[30] † Cephalotropis coronatus Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 117 | 140 | 140 | 1 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[31] † Cetotherium megalophysum Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 137 | 117 | 117 | 1 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[32] † Cetotherium rathkii Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 110 | 143 | 143 | 2 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[33] † Cetotherium riabinini Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 70 | 185 | 185 | 2 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[34] † ChM pv4745 Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 126 | 140 | 140 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[35] † Chonecetus sookensis Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 188 | 80 | 80 | 2 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[36] † Diorocetus chichibuensis Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 79 | 178 | 178 | 2 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[37] † Diorocetus hiatus Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 43 | 215 | 215 | 1 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[38] † Diorocetus shobarensis Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 127 | 129 | 129 | 3 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[39] † Diunatans luctoretemergo Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 146 | 123 | 122 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[40] † Eomysticetus whitmorei Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 77 | 178 | 178 | 1 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[41] † Eschrichtioides gastaldii Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 107 | 148 | 148 | 2 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[42] Eschrichtius robustus Last Modified in 12/16/15 | 1 | 259 | 254 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[43] † Eubalaena belgica Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 191 | 73 | 73 | 3 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[44] † Eubalaena shinshuensis Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 195 | 58 | 58 | 3 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[45] Eubalaena spp. Last Modified in 12/16/15 | 0 | 255 | 250 | 0 | 22 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[46] † Fucaia buelli Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 116 | 149 | 149 | 4 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[47] † Fucaia goedertorum Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 71 | 196 | 195 | 2 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[48] † Gricetoides aurorae Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 187 | 82 | 82 | 0 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[49] † Herentalia nigra Last Modified in 12/16/15 | 0 | 64 | 0 | 203 | 6 | 72 | 78 | 2 |
[50] † Herpetocetus bramblei Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 112 | 142 | 142 | 1 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[51] † Herpetocetus morrowi Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 39 | 214 | 214 | 1 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[52] † Herpetocetus sp. Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 200 | 63 | 63 | 3 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[53] † Herpetocetus transatlanticus Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 147 | 116 | 116 | 1 | 8 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[54] † Isanacetus laticephalus Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 57 | 199 | 199 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[55] † Janjucetus hunderi Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 82 | 184 | 184 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[56] † Joumocetus shimizui Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 136 | 117 | 117 | 3 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[57] † Kurdalagonus mchedlidzei Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 124 | 132 | 132 | 1 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[58] † Llanocetus denticrenatus Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 104 | 164 | 164 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[59] † Mammalodon colliveri Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 89 | 174 | 174 | 2 | 7 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[60] † Mauicetus parki Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 73 | 185 | 183 | 1 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[61] † Megaptera hubachi Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 69 | 186 | 186 | 0 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[62] † Megaptera miocaena Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 103 | 153 | 153 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[63] Megaptera novaeangliae Last Modified in 12/16/15 | 1 | 258 | 256 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[64] † Metopocetus durinasus Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 186 | 79 | 79 | 1 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[65] † Metopocetus hunteri Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 158 | 109 | 108 | 0 | 6 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[66] † Metopocetus vandelli Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 161 | 105 | 105 | 1 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[67] † Micromysticetus rothauseni Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 180 | 87 | 87 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[68] † Miocaperea pulchra Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 109 | 145 | 144 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[69] † Morawanocetus yabukii Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 121 | 144 | 143 | 3 | 5 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[70] † Morenocetus parvus Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 154 | 114 | 114 | 0 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[71] † Nannocetus eremus Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 177 | 90 | 90 | 1 | 4 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[72] † NMNZ mm001630 Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 57 | 197 | 197 | 0 | 18 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[73] † OCPC 1178 Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 172 | 92 | 92 | 6 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[74] † OU 22026 Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 233 | 36 | 36 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[75] † OU 22224 Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 159 | 107 | 107 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[76] † OU 22705 Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 104 | 153 | 153 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[77] † OU gs10897 Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 210 | 56 | 56 | 3 | 3 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[78] † Parabalaenoptera baulinensis Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 87 | 169 | 169 | 1 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[79] † Parietobalaena campiniana Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 100 | 156 | 156 | 0 | 16 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[80] † Parietobalaena palmeri Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 44 | 219 | 213 | 1 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[81] † Parietobalaena sp. Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 102 | 154 | 154 | 1 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[82] † Parietobalaena yamaokai Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 83 | 179 | 176 | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[83] † Pelocetus calvertensis Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 37 | 220 | 220 | 1 | 14 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[84] † Peripolocetus vexillifer Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 209 | 60 | 60 | 1 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[85] † Pinocetus polonicus Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 135 | 121 | 121 | 3 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[86] † Piscobalaena nana Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 14 | 240 | 239 | 0 | 19 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[87] † Plesiobalaenoptera quarantellii Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 119 | 136 | 135 | 1 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[88] † Thinocetus arthritus Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 117 | 141 | 141 | 1 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[89] † Tiphyocetus temblorensis Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 201 | 69 | 69 | 1 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[90] † Titanocetus sammarinensis Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 114 | 142 | 142 | 3 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[91] † Uranocetus gramensis Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 81 | 175 | 175 | 1 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[92] † Waharoa ruwhenua Last Modified in 12/16/15 | 96 | 158 | 158 | 1 | 17 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[93] † Yamatocetus canaliculatus Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 67 | 189 | 189 | 1 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
[94] † ZMT 67 Last Modified in 02/16/16 | 115 | 142 | 142 | 0 | 15 | 0 | 0 | 2 |
Project views
type | number of views | Individual items viewed (where applicable) |
Total project views | 46357 | |
Matrix views | 1836 | Miocaperea (193 views); Matrix landing page (1643 views); |
Project overview | 2927 | |
Documents list | 1401 | |
Media views | 18108 | Media search (4136 views); M406386 (655 views); M410672 (615 views); M406378 (619 views); M406368 (734 views); M406376 (602 views); M406374 (668 views); M406379 (599 views); M406369 (653 views); M406385 (660 views); M407492 (602 views); M406377 (619 views); M406383 (675 views); M406372 (610 views); M406381 (735 views); M406384 (603 views); M406373 (574 views); M406375 (610 views); M406370 (620 views); M406371 (653 views); M406380 (632 views); M406382 (608 views); M410673 (626 views); |
Bibliography | 1046 | |
Specimen list | 3337 | |
Taxon list | 17702 |
Project downloads
type | number of downloads | Individual items downloaded (where applicable) |
Total downloads from project | 298 | |
Project downloads | 268 | |
Matrix downloads | 24 | Miocaperea (24 downloads); |
Document downloads | 2 | Total evidence matrix including molecular data (2 downloads); |
Media downloads | 4 | M406374 (1 download); M406377 (2 downloads); M406378 (1 download); |