Project 847: H. M. Wood, C. E. Griswold, R. G. Gillespie. 2012. Phylogenetic placement of pelican spiders (Archaeidae, Araneae), with insight into evolution of the “neck” and predatory behaviours of the superfamily Palpimanoidea. Cladistics. 28 (6):598-626.
Specimen: Eriauchenius lavatenda (CASENT:9003160)
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Abstract

Phylogenetic relationships among archaeid spider lineages, as well as the placement of archaeids within the Araneomorphae, present a problem in the systematics of spiders. We investigate these relationships by broadly sampling taxa from the Araneomorphae and superfamily Palpimanoidea, as well as from extant and fossil archaeid lineages. Using parsimony and Bayesian methods we perform a total-evidence analysis that includes 126 morphological characters and over 4000 bases from one mitochondrial and three nuclear molecular markers. Phylogenetic analysis results in a delimitation of the superfamily Palpimanoidea to contain five families: Archaeidae, Mecysmaucheniidae, Stenochilidae, Palpimanidae and Huttoniidae. We also find the extant archaeids, which are restricted to the southern hemisphere, to be monophyletic, with the fossil archaeids paraphyletic. This phylogenetic framework is then used to interpret a novel morphological character, the highly modified and elevated cephalic area and elongated chelicerae (jaws), coupled with prey choice observations in the field and observations of chelicerae movements during predatory attacks. We conclude that the evolution of the elevated cephalic area, which reoriented the chelicerae muscles, led to highly manoeuvrable chelicerae and associated novel prey capture strategies. All members of Palpimanoidea appear to have modifications to the cephalic area, such as a diastema or sclerotization around the chelicerae bases, and furthermore, members appear to have evolved prey specialization.


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Article DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-0031.2012.00411.x

Project DOI: 10.7934/P847, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P847
This project containsMatrices
  • 1 Media
  • 1 Matrix
  • 1 Document
  • 39 Taxa
  • 1 Specimen
  • 126 Characters
Total size of project's media files: 41.42k

Download Project SDD File
Total scored cells: 4271
Total media associated with cells: 0
Total labels associated with cell media: 0
Characters
Total characters: 126
Total characters with associated media: 0
Total characters with media with labels: 0
Total character states: 294
Total character states with associated media: 0
Total character states with media with labels:0
Total unordered/ordered characters:126/0
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MorphoBank Project 847

    Authors' Institutions

    • San Francisco State University

    • University of California Berkeley

    • California Academy of Sciences



    Members

    member name taxa specimens media chars character
    media
    labels
    cell scorings
    (scored, NPA, "-")
    cell
    medialabels
    rules
    MorphoBank Curator
    Project Administrator
    3911126004271
    (3537, 0, 734)
    000
    Maureen Admin
    Full membership
    0000000
    (0, 0, 0)
    000
    Hannah Wood
    Full membership
    0000000
    (0, 0, 0)
    000


    Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M1931' (38 Taxa)

    taxon unscored
    cells
    scored
    cells
    no cell
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    NPA
    cells
    "-" cellscell images labels on
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    [1] Hypochilus pococki
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    29898026003
    [2] Hickmania troglodytes
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2101101023003
    [3] Lycosidae sp
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    39393030003
    [4] Araneus sp
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    09696030003
    [5] Badumna longinqua
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2100100024003
    [6] Dysdera sp
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    29292032003
    [7] Holarchaea sp
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    39190033003
    [8] Kukulcania hibernalis hw0079
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    19898027003
    [9] Loxosceles sp
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    29291033003
    [10] Mimetus sp
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2100100024003
    [11] Pararchaeidae sp
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2103103021003
    [12] Stegodyphus sp hwsteg42
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    29797027003
    [13] Uroctea sp
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    09595031003
    [14] Gnaphosidae sp
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    29796028003
    [15] Palpimanus sp hw0082
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    4105103019003
    [16] Stenochilus sp hw0081
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2104103021003
    [17] Huttonia sp hwhutt41
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2106104020003
    [18] Aotearoa magna hw0050
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    159796015003
    [19] Mesarchaea bell hw0040 20a
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    229189015003
    [20] Mecysmauchenius segmentatus hw0098
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2109107017003
    [21] Chilarchaea quellon hw0029
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2107104020003
    [22] Zearchaea sp hw0051
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2112109015003
    [23] NewGenus lavatenda hw0003ab
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2111110014003
    [24] NewGenus jeanneli hw0057
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    139999014003
    [25] NewGenus legendrei hw0014
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    149898014003
    [26] Eriauchenius workmani hw0006
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2112111013003
    [27] Eriauchenius bourgini hw0061
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    139999014003
    [28] Afrarchaea pilgrimsrest hw59af3
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    139999014003
    [29] Afrarchaea woodae hw57af1
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2111110014003
    [30] Austrarchaea nodosa hw0074
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    2112111013003
    [31] Austrarchaea davisae hwau066
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    149999013003
    [32] Austrarchaea mainae hw0075
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    149999013003
    [33] Lacunauchenius speciousus
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    615352013003
    [34] Archaea paradoxa
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    337979014003
    [35] Afrarchaea grimaldii
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    536060013003
    [36] Myrmecarchaea sp
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    76414109003
    [37] Baltarchaea conica
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    71484708003
    [38] Patarchaea muralis
    Last Modified in 12/05/13
    833333010003


    Project views

    type number of views Individual items viewed (where applicable)
    Total project views44945
    Project overview5019
    Matrix views3163Matrix landing page (2782 views); Morphology Matrix (381 views);
    Media views6873Media search (5956 views); M193804 (917 views);
    Taxon list20064
    Specimen list3609
    Documents list2168
    Bibliography2189
    Views for media list1860




    Project downloads

    type number of downloads Individual items downloaded (where applicable)
    Total downloads from project330
    Matrix downloads11Morphology Matrix (11 downloads);
    Project downloads316
    Media downloads2M193804 (2 downloads);
    Document downloads1Copyright Permission (1 download);