Morphobank

Project 2086: D. W. Krause, S. Hoffmann, J. R. Wible, E. C. Kirk, J. A. Schultz, W. von Koenigswald, J. R. Groenke, J. B. Rossie, P. M. O’Connor, E. R. Seiffert, E. R. Dumont, W. L. Holloway, R. R. Rogers, L. J. Rahantarisoa, A. D. Kemp, H. Andriamialison. 2014. First cranial remains of a gondwanatherian mammal reveal remarkable mosaicism. Nature. 515 (7528):512-517.

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Abstract

Previously known only from isolated teeth and lower jaw fragments recovered from the Cretaceous and Palaeogene of the Southern Hemisphere, the Gondwanatheria constitute the most poorly known of all major mammaliaform radiations. Here we report the discovery of the first skull material of a gondwanatherian, a complete and well-preserved cranium from Upper Cretaceous strata in Madagascar that we assign to a new genus and species. Phylogenetic analysis strongly supports its placement within Gondwanatheria, which are recognized as monophyletic and closely related to multituberculates, an evolutionarily successful clade of Mesozoic mammals known almost exclusively from the Northern Hemisphere. The new taxon is the largest known mammaliaform from the Mesozoic of Gondwana. Its craniofacial anatomy reveals that it was herbivorous, large-eyed and agile, with well-developed high-frequency hearing and a keen sense of smell. The cranium exhibits a mosaic of primitive and derived features, the disparity of which is extreme and probably reflective of a long evolutionary history in geographic isolation.

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Article DOI: 10.1038/nature13922

Project DOI: 10.7934/P2086, http://dx.doi.org/10.7934/P2086

This project contains	Matrices
1 Media 1 Matrix 92 Taxa 453 Characters Total size of project's media files: 2.82M Download Project SDD File	Total scored cells: 22667 Total media associated with cells: 0 Total labels associated with cell media: 0
	Characters
	Total characters: 453 Total characters with associated media: 0 Total characters with media with labels: 0 Total character states: 1088 Total character states with associated media: 0 Total character states with media with labels:0 Total unordered/ordered characters:453/0

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MorphoBank Project 2086

Creation Date:
18 December 2014
Publication Date:
18 December 2014
Project views: 41745
Matrix downloads: 26

This research
supported by

Authors' Institutions

Ohio University

University of Texas at Austin

Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn (University of Bonn)

Carnegie Museum of Natural History

Macalester College

New York Institute of Technology

Stony Brook University

University of Massachusetts Amherst

Université d’Antananarivo

Members

MorphoBank Curator
Project Administrator

453

22667
(16446, 0, 6221)

Maureen Admin
Full membership

0
(0, 0, 0)

Simone Hoffmann
Full membership

0
(0, 0, 0)

David Krause
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0
(0, 0, 0)

John Wible
Full membership

0
(0, 0, 0)

Taxonomic Overview for Matrix 'M23163' (91 Taxa)

taxon	unscored cells	scored cells	no cell support	NPA cells	"-" cells	cell images	labels on cell images	member access
[1] † Thrinaxodon Last Modified in 12/22/14	39	263	256	0	158	0	0	5
[2] † Probainognathus Last Modified in 12/22/14	50	248	248	0	155	0	0	5
[3] † Exaeretodon Last Modified in 12/22/14	65	245	238	0	150	0	0	5
[4] † Diademodon Last Modified in 12/22/14	53	245	244	0	156	0	0	5
[5] † Cynognathus Last Modified in 12/22/14	81	217	217	0	155	0	0	5
[6] † Oligokyphus Last Modified in 12/22/14	63	252	251	0	139	0	0	5
[7] † Bienotherium Last Modified in 12/22/14	122	191	191	0	140	0	0	5
[8] † Kayentatherium Last Modified in 12/22/14	84	224	223	0	146	0	0	5
[9] † Yunnanodon Last Modified in 12/22/14	190	129	129	0	134	0	0	5
[10] † Bocatherium Last Modified in 12/22/14	229	94	94	0	130	0	0	5
[11] † Bienotheroides Last Modified in 12/22/14	93	225	225	0	135	0	0	5
[12] † Tritheledontidae Last Modified in 01/21/15	65	250	234	0	154	0	0	5
[13] † Adelobasileus Last Modified in 12/22/14	385	61	61	0	7	0	0	5
[14] † Sinoconodon Last Modified in 12/22/14	67	332	330	0	56	0	0	5
[15] † Morganucodon Last Modified in 12/22/14	33	373	369	0	51	0	0	5
[16] † Megazostrodon Last Modified in 12/22/14	133	273	273	0	47	0	0	5
[17] † Haldanodon Last Modified in 12/22/14	83	326	324	0	46	0	0	5
[18] † Hadrocodium Last Modified in 12/22/14	181	223	223	0	49	0	0	5
[19] † Pseudotribos Last Modified in 12/22/14	294	132	132	0	27	0	0	5
[20] † Ambondro Last Modified in 12/22/14	379	55	54	0	20	0	0	5
[21] † Ausktribosphenos Last Modified in 12/22/14	352	83	83	0	18	0	0	5
[22] † Henosferus Last Modified in 12/22/14	332	102	101	0	20	0	0	5
[23] † Asfaltomylos Last Modified in 12/22/14	362	72	72	0	19	0	0	5
[24] † Bishops Last Modified in 12/22/14	341	92	91	0	21	0	0	5
[25] † Steropodon Last Modified in 12/22/14	388	46	46	0	19	0	0	5
[26] † Teinolophos Last Modified in 12/22/14	366	69	68	0	19	0	0	5
[27] † Obdurodon Last Modified in 12/22/14	148	264	263	0	42	0	0	5
[28] Ornithorhynchus Last Modified in 12/18/14	46	333	331	0	76	0	0	5
[29] † Gobiconodon Last Modified in 12/22/14	127	280	272	0	54	0	0	5
[30] † Repenomamus Last Modified in 12/22/14	120	282	281	0	52	0	0	5
[31] † Yanoconodon Last Modified in 12/22/14	222	181	181	0	50	0	0	5
[32] † Jeholodens Last Modified in 12/22/14	229	178	176	0	48	0	0	5
[33] † Amphilestes Last Modified in 12/22/14	342	74	74	0	37	0	0	5
[34] † Priacodon Last Modified in 12/22/14	207	197	197	0	49	0	0	5
[35] † Trioracodon Last Modified in 12/22/14	237	170	169	0	47	0	0	5
[36] † Tinodon Last Modified in 12/22/14	304	110	110	0	39	0	0	5
[37] † Akidolestes Last Modified in 12/22/14	271	138	138	0	44	0	0	5
[38] † Spalacotherium Last Modified in 12/22/14	311	99	99	0	43	0	0	5
[39] † Maotherium Last Modified in 12/22/14	147	260	257	0	49	0	0	5
[40] † Zhangheotherium Last Modified in 12/22/14	199	217	216	0	38	0	0	5
[41] † Amphitherium Last Modified in 12/22/14	333	98	98	0	22	0	0	5
[42] † Cronopio Last Modified in 12/22/14	207	208	206	0	40	0	0	5
[43] † Henkelotherium Last Modified in 12/22/14	199	222	222	0	32	0	0	5
[44] † Dryolestes Last Modified in 12/22/14	215	205	205	0	33	0	0	5
[45] † Peramus Last Modified in 12/22/14	285	146	141	0	27	0	0	5
[46] † Vincelestes Last Modified in 12/22/14	39	380	379	0	35	0	0	5
[47] † Kielantherium Last Modified in 12/22/14	339	94	92	0	22	0	0	5
[48] † Sinodelphys Last Modified in 12/22/14	265	163	163	0	25	0	0	5
[49] † Pappotherium Last Modified in 12/22/14	369	64	64	0	20	0	0	5
[50] † Deltatheridium Last Modified in 12/22/14	166	254	252	0	35	0	0	5
[51] † Asiatherium Last Modified in 12/22/14	179	248	248	0	26	0	0	5
[52] † Kokopellia Last Modified in 12/22/14	318	113	113	0	22	0	0	5
[53] † Pucadelphys Last Modified in 12/22/14	59	358	354	0	40	0	0	5
[54] Didelphis Last Modified in 12/18/14	15	376	375	0	63	0	0	5
[55] † Juramaia Last Modified in 12/22/14	287	146	146	0	20	0	0	5
[56] † Eomaia Last Modified in 12/22/14	190	226	224	0	39	0	0	5
[57] † Prokennalestes Last Modified in 12/22/14	239	194	192	0	22	0	0	5
[58] † Asioryctes Last Modified in 12/22/14	101	316	313	0	39	0	0	5
[59] † Zalambdalestes Last Modified in 12/22/14	51	365	358	0	44	0	0	5
[60] † Ukhaatherium Last Modified in 12/22/14	123	290	289	0	41	0	0	5
[61] † Gomphos Last Modified in 12/22/14	114	287	287	0	52	0	0	5
[62] † Tribosphenomys Last Modified in 12/22/14	255	154	150	0	48	0	0	5
[63] Erinaceus Last Modified in 12/18/14	5	398	397	0	51	0	0	5
[64] Dasypus Last Modified in 12/18/14	97	288	284	0	72	0	0	5
[65] † Ferugliotherium a Last Modified in 12/22/14	360	12	12	0	81	0	0	5
[66] † Ferugliotherium b Last Modified in 12/22/14	328	32	32	0	93	0	0	5
[67] † Trapalcotherium Last Modified in 12/22/14	368	8	8	0	77	0	0	5
[68] † Bharattherium Last Modified in 12/22/14	364	13	13	0	76	0	0	5
[69] † Gondwanatherium Last Modified in 12/22/14	325	30	30	0	98	0	0	5
[70] † Lavanify Last Modified in 12/22/14	364	13	13	0	76	0	0	5
[71] † Sudamerica a Last Modified in 12/22/14	304	45	44	0	105	0	0	5
[72] † Sudamerica b Last Modified in 12/22/14	307	54	53	0	93	0	0	5
[73] † Tanzanian taxon A Last Modified in 01/21/15	337	26	26	0	90	0	0	5
[74] † Tanzanian taxon B Last Modified in 01/21/15	338	27	27	0	88	0	0	5
[75] † Greniodon Last Modified in 01/05/15	360	18	17	0	76	0	0	5
[76] † Vintana a Last Modified in 01/05/15	171	198	198	0	84	0	0	5
[77] † Vintana b Last Modified in 01/05/15	171	199	199	0	83	0	0	5
[78] † Paulchoffatiidae Last Modified in 01/21/15	168	198	187	0	98	0	0	5
[79] † Plagiaulacidae Last Modified in 01/21/15	262	101	99	0	92	0	0	5
[80] † Ptilodus Last Modified in 12/22/14	84	265	265	0	104	0	0	5
[81] † Taeniolabis Last Modified in 12/22/14	184	160	159	0	110	0	0	5
[82] † Lambdopsalis Last Modified in 12/22/14	83	256	256	0	114	0	0	5
[83] † Kryptobaatar Last Modified in 12/22/14	35	313	312	0	106	0	0	5
[84] † Catopsbaatar Last Modified in 12/22/14	122	228	227	0	104	0	0	5
[85] † Chulsanbaatar Last Modified in 12/22/14	87	264	263	0	103	0	0	5
[86] † Nemegtbaatar Last Modified in 12/22/14	87	263	263	0	103	0	0	5
[87] † Thomasia Last Modified in 12/22/14	328	39	38	0	87	0	0	5
[88] † Haramiyavia Last Modified in 12/22/14	295	72	72	0	86	0	0	5
[89] † Arboroharamiya Last Modified in 12/22/14	263	94	93	0	97	0	0	5
[90] † Rugosodon Last Modified in 12/22/14	218	143	143	0	92	0	0	5
[91] † Sinobaatar Last Modified in 12/22/14	183	177	174	0	96	0	0	5

Project views

type	number of views	Individual items viewed (where applicable)
Total project views	41745
Project overview	4145
Matrix views	2695	Matrix landing page (2340 views); First cranial remains of a gondwanatherian mammal reveal remarkable mosaicism (355 views);
Taxon list	24207
Media views	6489	Media search (5560 views); M348988 (929 views);
Bibliography	4206
Documents list	3

Project downloads

type	number of downloads	Individual items downloaded (where applicable)
Total downloads from project	378
Matrix downloads	26	First cranial remains of a gondwanatherian mammal reveal remarkable mosaicism (26 downloads);
Document downloads	2	Acyon Ventral Vector File (.ai) (1 download); Cladosictis Ventral Vector File (.eps) (1 download);
Project downloads	350